Multi-species observations from Japanese passenger aircrafts towards the monitoring of the nations’ climate mitigation progress
Hiroshi Suto, JAXA, suto.hiroshi@jaxa.jp (Presenter)
Akihiko Kuze, JAXA, kuze.akihiko@jaxa.jp
Ayako Matsumoto, ANA HOLDINGS INC, a.matsumoto@anahd.co.jp
Tomohiro Oda, USRA, toda@usra.edu
Fumie Kataoka, RESTEC, kataoka.fumie@restec.or.jp
Shigetaka Mori, JASTECS, mori-shigetaka@jastecs.jp
Seiya Kosaki, JAXA, kosaki.seiya@jaxa.jp
Chiharu Hoshino, JAXA, hoshino.chiharu@jaxa.jp
Kei Shiomi, JAXA, shiomi.kei@jaxa.jp
Tetsuya Kaku, RESTEC, kaku_tetsuya@restec.or.jp
Jun Yoshida, NEC, yoshidajun@nec.com
Yoichi Nakamura, NEC, nakamurayoichi@nec.com
Yasuhiro Tsubakihara, ANA HOLDINGS INC, y.tsubakihara@anahd.co.jp
Cities are responsible for more than 70% of the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Over the past decades, GHG-dedicated space-based instruments, such as Japan’s GOSAT (2009-), GOSAT-2 (2018-), NASA’s OCO-2 (2014-), OCO-3 (2019-) and ESA’s TROPOMI (2017-) have collected an increasing amount of the GHG data globally, especially over urban areas. Such urban GHG data have provided opportunities to study urban emissions, and they will also play a key role in the monitoring of the progress of subnational climate mitigation efforts towards the Paris Climate Agreement goal.
Here we present the first results of new high-resolution multi-species observations from Japanese passenger aircrafts. We designed and developed a carry-on luggage sized imaging spectrometer to collect high-resolution (approx. 100 m@ center view) CO2 and NO2 concentration and SIF data during domestic passenger flights. We conducted our first observation during the flight between Tokyo and Fukuoka in October 2020. The two-hour flight allowed us to collect sounding data ranging from 130°E to 140°E in longitude and 33.5°N to 36°N in latitude. The data were being collected every 0.5 sec in nominal and ~5M soundings were collected during the single flight. We found the obtained data depicted spatial patterns of CO2 and NO2 concentrations over the cities and industrial areas, with some notable differences from the data collected from existing satellite observations. We compared our data to other existing data, such as emission inventories, and satellite observations of CO2, NO2, and nighttime lights, in order to further characterize what the observed spatial patterns and gradient tell us about emissions and underlying processes.
We expect observational data routinely collected from passenger aircrafts should further enhance our ability to obtain accurate local emissions, possibly with implications to sectoral emissions. Our multi-species observations should also provide direct technical and scientific implications to the planned future space missions. In our presentation, we will also discuss the unique utility of our new aircraft observation and its potential contribution to GHG emission monitoring and the upcoming Global Stocktakes (GST) with an expanded observation coverage and frequency.
Poster: Poster_Suto__69_25.pdf
Presentation Type: Poster
Session: 3.2a Observations to quantify hot spots and local/urban emissions
Session Date: Wednesday (6/16) 9:45 AM